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Gair Muslim Ko Salam Karna Aur Usko Jawab Dena Kaisa Hai?

Gair Muslim Ke Salam Ka Jawab Kaise De?

بــسـم الله الــرّحــمــن الــرّحــيــم
Ghair Muslim Ko Salaam!
Tehreer: Shaykh Ghulaam Mustafa Zaheer Amanpuri Hafizahullah
Romanised: Syed Ibraheem Salafi
Gair Muslim Ko Salam Karna Kaisa hai?
___________________
Ahle kitaab par salaam mein pehal nahi karni chahiye, jaisa ke Sahih Ahadees se sabit hai, han agar wo salaam kahen, tou jawaab mein "Wa 'Alaikum" keh denge. (Sahih Bukhari: 6256, Sahih Muslim: 2165)
Lekin jawaab mein kaha gaya salaam, salama e tahiyah nahi, balke amaan hai, jo kafir ke liye bhi ho sakti hai, jaisa ke
1. Sayyiduna Uqbah Bin 'Amir Juhani Razi Allahu Anhu ke bareme hai:

أَنَّهُ مَرَّ بِرَجُلٍ هَيْئَتُهُ هَيْئَةُ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ، فَسَلَّمَ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ عُقْبَةُ وَعَلَيْكَ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْغُلَامُ؛ أَتَدْرِي عَلَى مَنْ رَدَدْتَ؟ فَقَالَ؛ أَلَيْسَ بِرَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ؟ فَقَالُوا؛ لَا، وَلَكِنَّهُ نَصْرَانِيٌّ، فَقَامَ عُقْبَةُ فَتَبِعَهُ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ فَقَالَ؛ إِنَّ رَحْمَةَ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتِهِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَكِنْ أَطَالَ اللهُ حَيَاتَكَ وَأَكْثَرَ مَالَكَ
 
"Aap Razi Allahu Anhu ke paas ek shakhs ka guzaar huwa , jis ki zaahiri hay-at musalmano waali thi, us shakhs ne aap ko salaam kaha, tou aap ne us ka jawaan diya, "Waalaikumus Salaam Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barkatuh", tou aap se ghulaam ne kaha: jaantey hain ke aap ne kisey salaam kaha? tou Uqbah Razi Allahu Anhu ne farmaaya: kya yeh musalmaan nahi hai? Logon ne kaha: ji nahi yeh esaayi hai, tou Sayyiduna Uqbah Razi Allahu Anhu us esaayi ke peechey gaye aur us ke paas pohanch kar farmaaya: Bila-shubah Allah ki rahmat aur barkat sirf momineen ke liye hain, lekin Allah teri umar-daraaz karey aur tujhe maal ki kasrat aata karey."
(as-Sunan al-Kabeer Lil Bihaqi: 9/203, wa Sanaduhu Hasan)
2. Sayyiduna Abu Umamah Bahili Razi Allahu Anhu ke bareme hai:

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَى كُلِّ مَنْ لَقِيَهُ، قَالَ؛ فَمَا عَلِمْتُ أَحَدًا سَبَقَهُ بِالسَّلَامِ إِلَّا يَهُودِيًّا مَرَّةً اخْتَبَأَ لَهُ خَلْفَ أُسْطُوَانَةٍ، فَخَرَجَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ؛ وَيْحَكَ يَا يَهُودِيُّ، مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتَ؟ قَالَ؛ رَأَيْتُكَ رَجُلًا تُكْثِرُ السَّلَامَ، فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ فَضْلٌ، فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ آخُذَ بِهِ، فَقَالَ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ؛ وَيْحَكَ، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، يَقُولُ؛ إِنَّ اللهَ جَعَلَ السَّلَامَ تَحِيَّةً لِأُمَّتِنَا، وَأَمَانًا لِأَهْلِ ذِمَّتِنَا
 
"Aap ﷺ har ek ko salaam kaha kartey thhey, (rawi kehtey hain ke) mujhe nahi maloom ke kisi ne salaam kehney mein Sayyiduna Abu Umamah Razi Allahu Anhu se pehal ki ho, han ek dafah' ek yahoodi jo sutoono ke peechey chopa tha, saamney aaya aur us ne Sayyiduna Abu Umamah Razi Allahu Anhu ko salaam kaha, tou Aap Razi Allahu Anhu ne us se kaha: tumhaari barbaadi ho, yahoodi! aisa kiyun kiya? kehne laga, maine dekha ke Aap kasrat se salaam kehtey hain, tou maine jaan liya ke yeh koi fazilat waala aamal hai, tou maine chaha ke yeh aamal main bhi ikhtiyaar karon, Sayyiduna Abu Umamah Razi Allahu Anhu ne kaha, tumhaari barbaadi ho! maine Rasoolullah ﷺ ko farmaatey huwe suna: Bila-shubah Allah ﷻ ne salaam ko hummari ummat ke liye tohfa aur ahle zimmah ke liye amaan banaya hai."
(al-Mau'jam ul Kabeer Lit Tabrani: 8/109, Hadees: 7518, wa Sanaduhu Hasan)
Tambeeh:
(1) Sayyiduna Abu Umamah Razi Allahu Anhu ke bareme (Shuab ul Emaan Lil Bihaqi: 8378, Wa Sanaduhu Hasan) hai ke Aap Razi Allahu Anhu har muslim o ghair muslim ko salaam kaha kartey thhey, jab ke mundarja e bala asar se maloom hota hai ke Aap Razi Allahu Anhu ne ghair muslim ko salaam kehney se ruju kar liya tha, yehi hadees ke muwaafiq hai.
(2) Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Mas'ood Razi Allahu Anhu ka asar (Shuab ul Emaan Lil Bihaqi: 8518) Ibrahim Nakhayi ki tadlees ki wajah se za'eef hai, Hafiz Bihaqi Rahimahullah farmaatey hain:
لَعَلَّهُ لَمْ يَبْلُغْهُ مَا بَلَغَ غَيْرَهُ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ، وَمُتَابَعَةُ السُّنَّةِ أَوْلَى
"Mumkin hai ke Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Mas'ood Razi Allahu Anhu ko ghair muslim ko salaam kehney ki mumaniyat ka ilm na ho saka ho, lehaza hadees ka itteba hi oola hai."
(3) Muhammad Bin K'ab ke qaul (Musannaf Ibne Abi Shaiba: 25750) ki sanad za'eef hai, Mas'oodi mukhtalit hai, Yazeed Bin Haroon b'ad ikhtilaat riwayat li hai.
(4) Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Mas'ood, Sayyiduna Abu Darda aur Sayyiduna Fazalah Bin 'Ubaid Razi Allahu Anhum ahle shirk ko salaam kaha kartey thhey.
(Musannaf Ibne Abi Shaiba: 25752)
Sanad za'eef hai:
1) Ismayeel Bin Aiyaash ki ahle hijaaz se riwayat za'eef hoti hai, Muhammad Bin 'Ajlaan madni hain, neez Ismayeel Bin Aiyaash mudallis hain, sama' ki tasreeh nahi ki.
2) Muhammad Bin Ajlaan mudallis hain, in ka Abu Darda wagerah se sama' ka masla hai.
(5) Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Abbas Razi Allahu Anhu ahle kitaab ko khat mein "Salaam 'Alaik" likhtey thhey.
(Musannaf Ibne Abi Shaiba: 25748)
Sanad za'eef hai, is mein "Rajul" mubham hai, neez Sufiyaan Sawri ki tadlees hai.
(6) Zaid Bin Harisa Razi Allahu Anhu ka qissah (Mustadrak Haakim: 4846) majhool ruwaat par mushtamil hai.
(7) Imam Sufiyaan Bin 'Uyaina Rahimahullah ke qaul ki sanad par aaghahi nahi ho saki.
Faidah: Mushrikeen, kuffar aur momineen ek sath baithay hon, tou salaam keh saktey hain.
(Sahih Bukhari: 6254, Sahih Muslims: 1798)
Lekin niyat musalmano ko salaam karney ki hogi, kiyun ke kuffaar ko salaam kehna jayiz nahi.
Hafiz Suyuti Rahimahullah (911 Hijri) se sawaal huwa ke ek shakhs ne musalmano ki jamaat ko salaam kaha, jis mein esaayi bhi maujood tha, tou is par aiteraaz huwa, tou us ne kaha; maine niyat mein sirf musalmano ko muraad liya hai, neez usey kaha gaya ke tujhe yeh alfaaz kehney chahiye tha ke "Assalamu 'Alaa Manit Taba'al-Huda" aaya ise pehle alfaaz (yane "Assalamu Alaikum") kehna chahiye tha ya doosrey alfaaz (yane "Assalamu 'Alaa Manit Taba'al-Huda")? tou Allamah Suyuti Rahimahullah ne jawaab diya:

لَا يُجْزِئُ فِي السَّلَامِ إِلَّا اللَّفْظُ الْأَوَّلَ، وَلَا يُسْتَحَقُّ الرَّدُّ إِلَّا بِهِ، وَيَجُوزُ السَّلَامُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَفِيهِمْ نَصْرَانِيٌّ إِذَا قَصَدَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَطْ، وَأَمَّا السَّلَامُ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى فَإِنَّمَا شُرِعَ فِي صُدُورِ الْكُتُبِ إِذَا كُتِبَتْ لِلْكَافِرِ، كَمَا ثَبَتَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ
 
"Salaam kehney mein sirf pehley alfaaz hi jayiz hain, isi tarha salaam ka jawaab bhi inhi alfaaz mein diya jayega, musalmano ki jamaat mein esaayi maujood ho, tou musalmano ki niyat kar ke salaam kaha jaa sakta hai, ab rahey "Assalamu 'Alaa Manit Taba'al-Huda" ke alfaaz, tou yeh sirf un khotoot ke aghaaz mein mashroo' hai, jo kuffaar ko likhey jaayen, jaisa ke Sahih Hadees mein sabit hai."
(al-Hawi Lil Fatawi: 1/297)
Agar koi kahey ke kafir ko salaam mein pehal kiyu kar durust hai? tou iske jawaab mein Hafiz Ibne Hajar Rahimahullah (852 Hijiri) farmaatey hain:

إنّ المفسّرين قالوا؛ ليس المراد من هذا التّحيّة إنما معناه؛ سلم من عذاب الله من أسلم ولهذا جاء بعده أن العذاب على من كذّب وتولّى
 
"Mufassireen kiraam ne kaha hai ke yahan salaam se muraad Tahyatul Islam nahi hai, balke iska ma'na hai ke Islam qubool karney waala azaab e ilahi se salamat rahey, isi liye tou is (Aayat) ke ba'd (waali Aayat mein) hai ke takzeeb aur rugardaani karney waaley ke liye azaab hai."
(Fath ul Baari Sharah Sahih Bukhari: 1/38)
Ba'z salaf ka kehna hai ke kafir ko "Salaam Alaik" bhi keh saktey hain, tou is salaam se muraad Tahyatul Islam nahi hai, balke kuffaar ke liye (Qubool e Islam ke zari'ye) azaab e ilahi se hifazat ki dua hai.
Faidah: Agar musalmaan ko khat likha jaaye tou is mein "Assalamu Alaikum" hi kaha jaayega, jaisa ke Katib e Mughira, Warrad Saqafi Rahimahullah bayaan kartey hain:
!كتب المغيرة إلى معاوية؛ سلام عليك، أمّا بعد
"Sayyiduna Mughaira Bin Shu'ba Razi Allahu Anhu ne Sayyiduna Mu'awiya Razi Allahu Anhu ko khat mein likha: Assalamu Alaikum, amma ba'd!"
(Sahih Muslim: 593)
Alhasil: Ghair muslim ko Tahyatul Islam yane "Assalamu Alaikum" nahi keh saktey, na pehal kartey huwe aur na hi is ke salaam ke jawaab mein, agar wo salaam kahey, tou jawaab mein sirf "Wa Alaikum" kaha jaa sakta hai, kiyun ke kuffaar "Assaamu Alaikum" kehtey hain ya usloob "Assalamu Alaikum" keh kar niyat mein halakat ki dua kartey hain, lehaza "Wa Alaikum" keh kar un par wahi lauta di jaaye.
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