*Ijmaa’ e Ummat Hujjat Hain:*
*By: Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai (Rahimahullah)*
Ahle hadees ya’ne ahle sunnat ka ye buniyadi emaan, aqidah aur aamal hain ke Qur’an-e-majeed aur Hadees-e-rasool ﷺ baad ijmaa’ e ummat (sahih ul aaqidah sunni musalmano ka ijmaa’) hujjat aur shara’ee daleel hai, lehaza is ki hujjat ke baaz dalail wa aasaar-e-salaf e saleheen paish-e-khidmat hain, neez shuru mein ijmaa’ ki tareef wa mafhoom bhi sarahatan bayaan kar di gayi hai.
Ijmaa’ Ki Tareef: Kisi masley (ya aqide) par ittefaaq-e-rai ko lughat mein ijmaa’ kaha jaata hai.
Dekhiye [Al Qamoos ul Muheet page no: 917 baa, Al Mu’jumul Waseet 135/1, aur Al Qamoos ul Waheed page no: 280]
Dekhiye [Al Qamoos ul Muheet page no: 917 baa, Al Mu’jumul Waseet 135/1, aur Al Qamoos ul Waheed page no: 280]
Muhammad Murtaza Zubaidi Hanafi ney likhkha hai:
Aur ijmaa’ ya’ne ummat ka ijmaa’: ittefaaq.
[Taaj ul Uroos jild: 11 safa: 75]
Aur ijmaa’ ya’ne ummat ka ijmaa’: ittefaaq.
[Taaj ul Uroos jild: 11 safa: 75]
Isi tarha Ajma’a (أَجْمَعَ) ka matlab:
Ittefaaq karna, ikaththa karna aur pukta irada karna hai.
Dekhiye [Surah Yusuf 15, Misbah ul Lughaat safa: 122] aur doosri Dictionaries.
Ittefaaq karna, ikaththa karna aur pukta irada karna hai.
Dekhiye [Surah Yusuf 15, Misbah ul Lughaat safa: 122] aur doosri Dictionaries.
Shaykh ul Islam Hafiz Ibn e Taimiyah (Rahimahullah) ney farmaya:
"Hamd o Sana Allah hi ke liye hai. Ijmaa’ ka ma’na ye hain ke ahkaam mein se kisi hukm par musalmano ke ulama jama’ ho jayen aur jab kisi hukm par ummat ka ittefaaq sabit ho jaye tou kisi ke liye jaiz nahi ke wo Ulama ke ijmaa’ se bahar nikal jaye, kiunki ummat gumrahi par jama’ nahi ho sakti, lekin bahut se masail mein baaz log ye samahjte hain ke ijmaa’ hai, halanke un mein ijmaa’ nahi hota balke (us ke mukhalif) doosra qaul kitaab o sunnat mein ziyada rajeh hota hai.
[Al Fatawa Al Kabeer jild: 1 safa: 484, Majmoo’ Fatawa jild: 20 safa: 10]
"Hamd o Sana Allah hi ke liye hai. Ijmaa’ ka ma’na ye hain ke ahkaam mein se kisi hukm par musalmano ke ulama jama’ ho jayen aur jab kisi hukm par ummat ka ittefaaq sabit ho jaye tou kisi ke liye jaiz nahi ke wo Ulama ke ijmaa’ se bahar nikal jaye, kiunki ummat gumrahi par jama’ nahi ho sakti, lekin bahut se masail mein baaz log ye samahjte hain ke ijmaa’ hai, halanke un mein ijmaa’ nahi hota balke (us ke mukhalif) doosra qaul kitaab o sunnat mein ziyada rajeh hota hai.
[Al Fatawa Al Kabeer jild: 1 safa: 484, Majmoo’ Fatawa jild: 20 safa: 10]
Ummat se muraad ummat-e-muslimah ke sahih ul aaqidah ahl e sunnat ulama aur aawaam hain aur aawaam apne ulama ke muqtadi aur muttabe’ hote hain, lehaza ulama ke ittefaaq mein aawaam ka ittefaaq bhi shamil hai.
Ijmaa’ Ki Teen Qismein Hain:
1) Jo nass-e-sareeh se sabit ho, masalan Rasoolullah (ﷺ) aakhiri Nabi hain.
2) Jo nass se istimbaat ho, masalan dha’eef rawi ki munfarid riwayat dha’eef aur gair maqbool hai.
3) Jo ulama ke ijtehaad se sabit ho, masalan:
a) Sahih hadees ki panch (5) shartein hain aur un mein ek ye hain ke Hadees shaaz na ho.
b) Namaz mein oonchi awaaz se hasney se namaaz toot jaati hai.
c) Naw mawlood ke kaan mein azaan deyna.
d) Imam ka jehri takbeeren kehna aur muqtadiyon ka sirri takbeeren kehna, illa ye ke mukabbir (takbeer kehne waala) ho. Wagaira zalik (aur iske alawah).
1) Jo nass-e-sareeh se sabit ho, masalan Rasoolullah (ﷺ) aakhiri Nabi hain.
2) Jo nass se istimbaat ho, masalan dha’eef rawi ki munfarid riwayat dha’eef aur gair maqbool hai.
3) Jo ulama ke ijtehaad se sabit ho, masalan:
a) Sahih hadees ki panch (5) shartein hain aur un mein ek ye hain ke Hadees shaaz na ho.
b) Namaz mein oonchi awaaz se hasney se namaaz toot jaati hai.
c) Naw mawlood ke kaan mein azaan deyna.
d) Imam ka jehri takbeeren kehna aur muqtadiyon ka sirri takbeeren kehna, illa ye ke mukabbir (takbeer kehne waala) ho. Wagaira zalik (aur iske alawah).
Ye teeno qismein hujjat hain aur temheed ke baad ijmaa’ e ummat ke hujjat hone ke baaz dalail aur aasaar-e-salaf saleheen paish-e-khidmat hain:
1) Allah Ta’ala ney farmaya:
1) Allah Ta’ala ney farmaya:
“Aur jo shaksh hidayat wazeh ho jaane ke baad, Rasool ki mukhalifat kare aur momineen ke raaste ko chhod kar doosre raastey par chaley tou jidhar wo phirta hain hum use usi tarf pher detey hain aur use jahannum mein dakhil karenge aur wo (jahannum) bura thikana hain.”
[Surah An Nisa: 115]
Is aayat ki tafseer mein Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmed bin Abi Bakr bin Farah Al Qurtubi (Died on 671 hijri) ney farmaya: Ulama ney farmaya ke is mein ijmaa’ ke qaul ke sahih hone ki daleel hai.
[Tafseer e Qurtubi: Al Jami’ ul Ahkaam Al Quraan: 386/5, Doosra nuskha: 972/1]
Abu Ishaaq Ibraheem bin Musa bin Muhammad Ash’Shatibi (Died on 790 hijri) ney likhkha hai: Phir aam ulama ney is se istedaal kiya hain ke ijmaa’ hujjat hain aur iska mukhalif gunehgaar hain aur ye istedaal bhi kiya hain ke deen mein bid’at nikaalna mazmoom hain.
[Al Muwafaqat: 38/4, Al Fasl-ur-Raabi’ Fil Umoom Wal Khusoos: Al Mas’alt-us-Salisah/tehqeeq: Shaikh Mash-hoor Hasan]
Burhanuddin Ibraheem bin Umar Al Buqa’ee (Died on 885 hijri), Hanafi Faqeeh Abul-Lais Nasr bin Muhammad bin Ibraheem As’Samrqandi (Died on 375 hijri) Qazi Abdullah bin Umar Al Baizawi (Died on 791 hijri) ne is ayat se ijmaa’ ki daleel li hai.
[Mazeed tafseel ke liye dekhen: Tafseer Ibn e Kaseer: 568/1, doosra nuskha: 2/365-366]
2) Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ney farmaya:
“Allah meri ummat ko kabhi gumrahi par jama’ nahi karega aur Allah ka haath jama’at par hai.” [Al Mustardak Lil Hakim: 116/1 Hadees: 399, iski sanad sahih hai)
(Phir iske baad Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai Rahimahullah ney Hadees ki sanad aur rawiyon ka haal zikr kiya hai)
3) Abdullah Bin Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) se riwayat hain ke Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ney farmaya: “Meri ummat kabhi gumrahi par jama’ nahi hogi, lehaza tum jama’at (ijmaa’) ko lazim pakdo, kiunki yaqeenan Allah ka hath jama’at par hain.”
[Al Mu’jam ul Kabeer Lit-Tabarani: 447/12 Hadees: 13623]
(Phir yahan par Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai Rahimahullah ney hadees ki sanad aur rawiyon ka haal zikr kiya aur uske baad likha)
Ye hadees apne sabiq shahid [fuqrah no: 2) ki wajah se Sahih Li-Gairihi hai] Walhumdulillah.
Shaikh Albani Rahimahullah ne is riwayat ke mutalliq likha hai:
Shaikh Albani Rahimahullah ne is riwayat ke mutalliq likha hai:
Is ki sanad sahih hain aur iske ruwaat (narrators) siqa hain.
[As-Sunnah Li-Ibn e Abi Asim (Allama Albani ki tehqeeq ke saath): 1/40 Hadees: 80]
4) Siqah Jaleel ul Qadr Taba’ee Imam Shurai bin Haris Al Qazi (Rahimahullah) se riwayat hain hai ke Umar bin Khattab (Radhi Allahu Anhu) ney un ki taraf likh kar (hukm) bheja ki:
1) Jab tumhare paas kitaabullah mein se koi cheez (daleel) aaye tou us ke mutabiq faisla karo aur us ke muqabil mein logon ki taraf iltafat (tawajjo) na karna.
2) Phir aagar kitaabullah mein na miley tou Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ki sunnat (Hadees) dekh kar us ke mutabiq faisla karna.
3) Agar kitaabullah aur Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ki sunnat mein na miley tou dekhna ke kis baat par logon ka ittefaaq hai, phir us ley na.
4) Agar kitaabullah aur Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ki sunnat mein bhi na paow aur tum se pehle kisi ney us ke bare me kalaam na kiya ho tou do kaamo mein se jo chaho ikhtiyaar kar lo:
Ya tou ijtehaad karo aur faisla kar do, ya peechey hat jaou aur faisle mein takheer karo aur mera khayaal hain ke tumhare liye takheer hi behtar hai."
[Musannaf Ibne Abi Shaiba: 240/7 Hadees 22980 (iski sanad sahih hai), Al Mukhtarah: 238/1 Hadees: 134]
1) Jab tumhare paas kitaabullah mein se koi cheez (daleel) aaye tou us ke mutabiq faisla karo aur us ke muqabil mein logon ki taraf iltafat (tawajjo) na karna.
2) Phir aagar kitaabullah mein na miley tou Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ki sunnat (Hadees) dekh kar us ke mutabiq faisla karna.
3) Agar kitaabullah aur Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ki sunnat mein na miley tou dekhna ke kis baat par logon ka ittefaaq hai, phir us ley na.
4) Agar kitaabullah aur Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ki sunnat mein bhi na paow aur tum se pehle kisi ney us ke bare me kalaam na kiya ho tou do kaamo mein se jo chaho ikhtiyaar kar lo:
Ya tou ijtehaad karo aur faisla kar do, ya peechey hat jaou aur faisle mein takheer karo aur mera khayaal hain ke tumhare liye takheer hi behtar hai."
[Musannaf Ibne Abi Shaiba: 240/7 Hadees 22980 (iski sanad sahih hai), Al Mukhtarah: 238/1 Hadees: 134]
(Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai (Rahimahullah) ney 61 dalaail o aqwaal e salaf e saleheen zikr kiye hain aur un ki istinaadi haisiyat bhi zikr ki hain saath saath kuch fawaaid bhi zikr kiye hain, magar ikhtisaar ki wajah se wo sab nahi likhe gaye)
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