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Qurbani ke Ahkaam O Mashail. (PART 02)

Quran o Hadees ki roshni mein Qurbani ke ahkaam o masaail.

*Part: ⓶*

* Tehreer: Shaikh Maqbool Ahmad Salafi Hafizahullah*

* Romanised By: Umar Asari*


Qurbani ka waqt aur us ke ayyaam:

 Jo log Qurbani karne ke layek nahi wah kya kare?

Qurbani kitne din hota hai? 1,2,3...

Qurbani ke ahkaam o Masail. Part 01

Qurbani ke Ahkaam o masail. Part 03

Qurbani ka waqt Eid ki namaz ke fauran baad shuru ho jaata hai, khutba khatm hona zaroori nahi aur yeh bhi zaroori nahi ke pehle Imam saheb hi Qurbani den. Bara bin Aazib Radhiallahu Anhuma ne bayan kiya ke Nabi Kareem ﷺ ne Eid-ul-Azha ki Namaz ke baad khutbah dete huwe farmaaya:


مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاتَنَا وَنَسَكَ نُسُكَنَا، فَقَدْ أَصَابَ النُّسُكَ، وَمَنْ نَسَكَ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّهُ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ وَلَا نُسُكَ لَهُ


*◈Tarjumah:◈* Jis shakhs ne hamaari Namaz ki tarah Namaz padhi aur hamaari Qurbani ki tarah Qurbani ki us ki Qurbani sahih hue lekin jo shakhs Namaz se pehle Qurbani kare woh Namaz se pehle hi gosht khaata hai magar woh Qurbani nahi.
*(Sahih Bukhari: 955)*

Yeh Hadees batlaati hai ke Eid ki Namaz se pehle Qurbani sahih nahi hai lekin Eid ki namaz ke baad Qurbani karna sahih hai.
Eid ki namaz ke baad se Qurbani ka waqt shuru ho kar 13 Zul-Hijjah ke Maghrib ka sooraj doobne par khatm ho jaata hai yani Qurbani ke chaar din kitaabullah aur Sunnat e Rasool ﷺ se saabit hain. Is silsile mein bahut saare dalail hain, Hujjat ke liye ek daleel hi kaafi hai. Nabi ﷺ ka farmaan hai:
كُلُّ عَرَفَةَ مَوْقِفٌ وَارْفَعُوا عَنْ عُرَنَةَ وَكُلُّ مُزْدَلِفَةَ مَوْقِفٌ وَارْفَعُوا عَنْ بَطْنِ مُحَسِّرٍ وَكُلُّ فِجَاجِ مِنًى مَنْحَرٌ وَكُلُّ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ ذَبْحٌ​
*◈Tarjumah:◈* Poora Arafat wuqoof (theharne) ki jagah hai aur Uranah se hat kar wuqoof karo (thehro) aur poora Muzdalifah wuqoof (theharne) ki jagah hai aur Waadi e Muhassir se hat kar wuqoof karo (thehro) aur Mina ka har raasta Qurbani ki jagah hai aur Tashreeq ke tamam din zabah karne ke din hain.
*(Sahih ul Jami’: 4537)*

Ayyaam e Tashreeq kehte hain, 11, 12 aur 13 Zil-Hijjah ko.

*❀Zabah karne ke aadaab aur tareeqa:❀*
Zabah karte waqt janwar ko qibla rukh litaaya jaaye, yeh Sunnat hai. agar ghair e qible par zabah kar liya gaya ho to bhi koyi harj nahi. Qurbani dene waala khud se zabah kare, agar zabah karna us ke liye mushkil ho to koyi bhi us ki jagah zabah kar de. Jab janwar zabah karne lagen to chure ko tez kar len taaki janwar ko zabah ki kam se kam takleef mehsoos ho.
Zameen par qibla rukh janwar lita kar tez churi us ki gardan par chalaate huwe bolen «بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ» *(Sahih Muslim: 1965)* Itni dua bhi kaafi hai aur niyyat ka talluq dil se hai. Yeh dua bhi padh sakte hain:
بِاسْمِ اللهِ وَاللهُ أَكْبَرْ أَللهُمَّ هذا مِنْكَ وَلَكَ اَللھُم َّھذَا عَنِّيْ وَعْن أهْلِ بَيْتِيْ

Yeh dua bhi padhna sunnat se saabit hai:
إنِّي وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِي فَطَرَالسَّمَاْوَاتِ وَاْلأَرْضِ حَنِيْفًا وَمَاْأَنَاْمِنَ الْمُشْرِكِيْنَ، إِنَّ صَلاْتِيْ وَنُسُكِيْ وَمَحْيَاْيَ وَمَمَاتِيْ لِلّهِ رَبِّ اْلعَاْلَمِيْنَ، لَاْشَرِيْكَ لَه’وَبِذالِكَ أُمِرْتُ وَأَنَاْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ، بِاسْمِ اللهِ وَاللهُ أَكْبَرْ أَللهُمَّ هَذا مِنْكَ وَلَكَ أَللهُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ مِنِّيْ وَمِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِيْ​
*❗Is Hadees ko Shaikh Albani Rahimahullah ne Mishkaat ki takhreej mein sahih qarar diya hai aur Shoaib Arnout ne is ki tehseen ki hai.*
Zabah karne mein chand baatein dhiyaan rahe. Zabah karne waala Aqil o baaligh musalman ho, kisi khoon bahaane waale aale (instruments) se zabah kiya jaaye, zabah mein saans ki nali aur khaane ki ragein kaatni hain aur zabah karte waqt Allah ka naam lena hai. Be-namazi ki Qurbani aur us ke zabeeha ke mutalliq jawaz aur adm e jawaz mein ulama ke darmiyan ikhtilaaf hai. Main yahan itna zaroor kahunga ke tark e Namaz (Namaz chhodna) bil-ittifaq kufr hai. Qurbani dene waala ya zabah karne waala apne is amal se pehle tauba kare aur aind Namaz ki pabandi ka ehad kare. Aurat apni Qurbani apne haathon se kar sakti hai aur Qurbani din ki tarah raat mein bhi ki jaa sakti hai.

*❀Gosht ki taqseem:❀*
Qurbani ka gosht teen hisson mein taqseem karna zaroori nahi hai balki Mustahab hai kiunki Qurbani ki asal khaana aur khilaana hai, bache huwe gosht ko zakheera karne mein bh‬i koyi harj nahi. Ghair Muslim ko Qurbani ka gosht diya jaa sakta hai, is silsile mein jayyid ulama ke fataawe hain.

*❀Qarz le kar ya jo maqrooz ho us ka Qurbani dena:❀*
Jise Qurbani ki wus’at o taaqat ho wohi Qurbani kare aur jo Qurbani ki taaqat nahi rakhta use rukhsat hai is liye Qurbani ki khatir qarz lene ki zaroorat nahi hai. Jo hamesha se Qurbani dete aa rahe the achanak ghareeb ho jaayen ya qarze mein doob jaayen unhein mayoos nahi hona chaahiye aur qarz ke boojh se Qurbani nahi karni chaahiye balki farakhi aur wus’at ke liye Allah se dua karni chaahiye. Agar koyi mamooli taur par maqrooz ho, qarz chukaane aur Qurbani dene ki taaqat rakhta ho to use Qurbani deni chaahiye, isi tarah achanak Eid ul Azha ke mauqe se kisi ka haath khaali ho jaaye aur kahien se paise ki aamad ki umeed ho aur aise shakhs ko ba-asani qarz mil jaaye to Qurbani deni chaahiye kiunki us ke paas paisa hai magar haath mein maujood nahi hai.

*❀Haaji ki taraf se Qurbani:❀*
Hajiyon ke upar Eid ul Azha ki Qurbani zaroori nahi hai, un ke liye Hajj ki Qurbani hi kaafi hai lekin Eid ul Azha ki Qurbani dena chaahe to de sakta hai. Ya ek soorat yeh ho sakti hai ke haaji apne peeche ghar waalon ke liye itna paisa chhod jaaye taaki woh log Qurbani de saken.

*❀Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani:❀*
Nabi Kareem ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani dene ka koyi suboot nahi milta hai, Sahaba e Kiraam Radhiallahu Anhum se ziyadah Nabi ﷺ se koyi mohabbat nahi kar sakta magar un mein se kisi se bhi Nabi ﷺ ke naam se Qurbani karna saabit nahi hai. Jo log Nabi ﷺ ke naam se Qurbani karne ka jawaz pesh karte hain un ka istedlaal un riwayaat se hai jin mein Nabi ﷺ ne apni janib aur ummat ki janib se Qurbani ki hai:
ثُمَّ أَخَذَهَا، وَأَخَذَ الْكَبْشَ، فَأَضْجَعَهُ، ثُمَّ ذَبَحَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَمِنْ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ثُمَّ ضَحَّى بِهِ​
*◈Tarjumah:◈* Phir Aap ﷺ ne churi li, mendhe ko pakda, us ko litaya, phir zabah karte waqt farmaya «بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَمِنْ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ» Allah ke naam se, aye Allah! Muhammed (ﷺ) ki taraf se aur Muhammed (ﷺ) ki aal ki taraf se aur Muhammed (ﷺ) ki ummat ki taraf se is ko qubool kar, phir us ki qurbani ki.
*(Sahih Muslim: 1967)*

Yeh riwayat Sahih Muslim ki hai, is se yun istedlaal kiya jaata hai ke Ummat e Muhammediya mein zinda murda dono shaamil hain lehaza Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se bhi Qurbani kar sakte hain. Halaanki yeh istedlaal durust nahi hai kiunki yahan Ummat e Muhammediya se murad zinda log hain, is baat ki ta’eed un riwayaat se hoti hai jin mein «عَمَّنْ لَمْ يُضَحِّ مِنْ» ke alfaaz warid hain *(dekhen: Abu Dawood: 2810)* goya Aap ﷺ ne apni ummat ke un logon ki taraf se Qurbani ki jo Qurbani nahi kar sake the.
Agar Ummat e Muhammediya mein faut ho chuke logon ko bhi shaamil kar liya jaaye tab bhi Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani nahi saabit hoti ziyadah se ziyadah yeh kaha jaa sakta hai ke zinda ki taraf se Qurbani karte huwe mayyit ka naam liye baghair aise aam kalimaat istemaal kiye jaa sakte hain.
Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani karne ki ek aur riwayat hai jo Hazrat Ali Radhiallahu Anhu se hai:
عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُضَحِّي بِكَبْشَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَالْآخَرُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ : أَمَرَنِي بِهِ - يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَلَا أَدَعُهُ أَبَدًا​
*Tarjumah:* Ali Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai ke woh do mendhe ki Qurbani karte the ek Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se aur doosra apni taraf se, is baare mein un se poocha gaya to unhon ne kaha ke mujhe is ka hukm Nabi ﷺ ne diya hai mein ise chhod nahi sakta.
*(Tirmizi: 1495)*
*Yeh riwayat saabit nahi hai, is ki sanad mein Shareek bin Abdullah bin Abi Shareek kaseer ul khata hone ki wajah se za’eef hai aur us ka Shaikh Abul Hasana Hasan Kofi Majhool hai.*
*Isi liye Shaikh Albani Rahimahullah ne is riwayat ko za’eef qarar diya hai, is se bhi daleel nahi pakdi jaa sakti.*
Goya Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani karna sunnat se saabit nahi, kisi ke liye jaaiz nahi hai ke Nabi ﷺ ke naam se Eid ul Azha par Qurbani kare.

*To be Continued.....*

*Please Share with Our Muslims Brother and Sister.*
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