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Shariyat Me Maanat Mangne Ka Kya Hukm Hai?

*ꙮMannat maanne ka hukm​ꙮ*

کیا کوئی مننت مان سکتا ہے؟

   *❁Sawaal:❁*
Kya koi muwahhid shakhs sirf Allah Ta’ala ke naam ki mannat maang sakta hai? Yani woh kahe ke agar mera falan kaam ho jaye to mein itne roze rakhunga ya itne nawafil padhunga. Aur kya aise zaroorat ka kaam ho jaata hai?

     *❀Jawaab:❀*
                             Ji haan, Allah ke naam ki mannat maanna jaaiz hai, agar koi Allah ke naam ki mannat maan leta hai to phir use poora karna lazim hai. Agar poora nahi karta to kaffara ada karna padega. Ulama e Kiram ise Nazar ka naam dete hain, aur woh yeh ke Nazar ko kisi mu’aiyan cheez ke husool par mu’allaq kiya jaaye, aur is ka hukm yeh hai ke jab bhi nazar maani gayi cheez ita’at wala fe’l (kaam) ho to us ke husool ki soorat mein nazar poori karna wajib aur zaroori hai.
Kiunki Rasool e Akram Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ka farmaan hai:
    حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ : قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يُطِيعَ اللَّهَ فَلْيُطِعْهُ، وَمَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَعْصِيَهُ فَلَا يَعْصِهِ​
  *◈Tarjumah:◈* Hum se Abu ’Aasim ne bayan kiya, un se Imam Maalik ne, un se Talha bin Abdul Malik ne, un se Qasim ne aur un se Aisha Radhiallahu Anha ne bayan kiya ke Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaaya “Jis ne Allah ki ita’at ki Nazar maani ho use chahiye ke ita’at kare aur jis ne gunaah karne ki Nazar maani ho pas woh gunaah na kare.”
*(Sahih Bukhari: 6700)*
    *Ibn e Qudama Rahimahullah neki aur ita’at ki nazar ke baare mein kehte hain:*
(Yeh teen qism ki hain:
*Pehli qism:*
       Kisi ne’mat ke husool ya phir kisi mushkil aur takleef ke door hone ke badle mein ita’at o farmaabardaari ki Nazar maanna: Masalan koi yeh kahe: Agar Allah Ta’ala ne mujhe shifa di to mere zimme ek maheene ke roze, to jis cheez ki shari’at mein asalan wujoob ki daleel milti ho us mein ita’at karna lazim hogi masalan roze, namaz, sadqa, aur hajj, ahl e ilm ka ijma hai ke is nazar ko poora karna laazmi hai........)
*(Dekhen, Al-Mughni: 13/622)*
Aur yeh janna zaroori hai ki nazar asalan Makrooh hai kiunki Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne isse mana farmaaya hai:
     حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ ، عَنْعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ : نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ النَّذْرِ، قَالَ : إِنَّهُ لَا يَرُدُّ شَيْئًا، وَإِنَّمَا يُسْتَخْرَجُ بِهِ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ​
*◈Tarjumah:◈* Hum se Abu Nu’aim Fazl bin Dukain ne bayan kiya, kaha hum se Sufyan bin ’Uyainah ne bayan kiya, un se Mansoor bin Mo’tamir ne, un se Abdullah bin Murrah ne aur un se Ibn-e-Umar Radhiallahu Anhuma ne bayan kiya ke Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne Nazar maanne se mana kiya tha aur farmaaya tha ke Nazar kisi cheez ko nahi lautaati, Nazar sirf bakheel ke dil se paisa nikaalti hai.
*(Sahih Bukhari: 6608)*
*Maaziri Rahimahullah kehte hain:*
Ihtimal hai ke nahi (mana) ka sabab yeh ho ke Nazar us ke liye lazim ho jaati hai, to woh use baghair chusti ke takalluf ke saath poora karta hai, aur yeh bhi ihtimal hai ke is nahi (mana) ka sabab yeh ho ke Nazar ki bina par woh us amal ko us matlooba amal ke mu’aawza ke taur par sar-anjaam deta hai, to is bina par us ka ajr kam ho jaata hai.
Aur ibadat ki shaan to yeh hai ke woh to sirf Allah Ta’ala ke liye hoti hai Qazi Iyaaz Rahimahullah kehte hain:
Aur ihtimal hai ke Nazar ki nahi (mana) is wajah se ho ke baaz jaahil qism ke log yeh khayaal karte hain ke Nazar taqdeer ko palat deti hai, aur muqaddar mein likhi hue cheez ko rok deti hai, to Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne is khauf se mana kar diya ke kahin jaahil is ka aitqaad na rakh le, aur Hadees ka siyaq bhi is ki taeed karta hai. واللہ تعالى اعلم
*(Sharah Muslim Lin-Nawawi)*
Lehaza momin ko Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ki mana kardah cheezon se bachna chahiye, aur jo koi bhi Allah Ta’ala ki ita’at o farmaabardaari karna chaahta hai woh baghair kisi Nazar ke hi ita’at o farmaabardaari kare.
ھذا ما عندی واللہ أعلم بالصواب​
     *Mohaddis Fatwa Committee*
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